Ship-Source Spills – it's More Than Just Oil
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract For over 50 years, ITOPF has attended on-site at marine spills worldwide on behalf of the shipping industry. staff have provided objective technical advice 800 incidents in 100 countries, gaining unparalleled insight into changing trends ship-source pollution. Spills oil were originally focus ITOPF's activities, initially from tankers and later a wide range ships. Over time, there been dramatic sustained reduction both number quantity spilt tankers, as statistics demonstrate. Though cargoes bunker fuel remain core work, its activities expanded recent years to include other pollutants, such vegetable oils, hazardous non-hazardous chemicals, coal, foodstuffs, plastics myriad products transported container Almost two thirds attends now involve non-tankers past 20 14% all incident involved or substances than, addition to, oil. Oil spill events can cause environmental damage typically attract considerable media attention. However, pollutants also potential pose significant challenges for responders. This paper draws first-hand experience examine some response, using case histories highlight key issues with response assorted oils sea.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0890-1740']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2021.1.689019